A protein appears to play an active role in protecting cells and slowing down the processes associated with ageing. A recent study conducted by an international team, published in the prestigious journal Nature Communications, has identified a significant role of a protein in regulating cellular ageing processes. OSER1 (the technical name of the protein) is found in many animal species, including humans. The action of OSER1 has been studied in silkworms, fruit flies, and microscopic worms known as nematodes. The researchers observed that when the protein is present in reduced amounts, the animal’s lifespan is shorter. Conversely, a higher amount of protein extends the life of the cells, and consequently, that of the entire organism.
The study also delved into how OSER1 carries out its remarkable role. Firstly, the protein regulates oxidative stress, i.e. the set of alterations that occur in cells and tissues caused by an excess of oxidising agents, such as the notorious free radicals. Oxidative damage can also result from an improper diet, smoking, bad cholesterol, and possibly diabetes. These oxidising agents attack and degrade the biological molecules that make up cells, such as certain proteins, the phospholipids in the cell membrane, and even DNA.
The analyses conducted by the research team suggest that OSER1 plays an active role in cell reproduction and in the health of mitochondria—those cell organelles responsible for producing the energy that keeps the organism alive. Is OSER1 the elixir of longevity? It’s impossible to answer that question, as longevity is influenced by a multitude of factors. However, further studies will be essential to unravel the molecular mechanisms underpinning OSER1's anti-ageing effects and its potential as a target for interventions aimed at promoting healthy ageing. Even in humans.
