Barren land

Arctic hares winter coat

Arctic hares winter coat

Arctic winter

Arctic winter

Arctic town

Arctic town

Permafrost

Permafrost

Abandoned railway

Abandoned railway

Musk oxen in winter

Musk oxen in winter

Reindeer herder

Reindeer herder

Glacier in Svalbard

Glacier in Svalbard

The word “tundra” comes from a Lapp word, meaning “barren land”. The area is flat, with scarce vegetation and virtually no rises: a cold desert. The climate of the tundra depends on the region being either oceanic or mainland. For instance, in the European tundra, which is heated by the Gulf Stream, the land is unfrozen for many months, while the Canadian mainland tundra is always frozen.